How are Global Warming
and Biodiversity Connected?
The Overall Framework of Positive Feedback
Biodiversity-rich ecosystems play a role in mitigating global warming by continuously absorbing carbon. However, if this absorption function is weakened due to a decrease in biodiversity, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases.
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Climate Changes change Ecosystem
A. Changes in the Marine Ecosystem
: Changes in water temperature affect the distribution or amount of plankton, and also affect the fish that feed it. As a result, organisms that feed on fish are affected by the success rate of reproduction, such as parents' inability to feed their young smoothly.
Ex. a black-tailed gull : Reduced breeding density, the number of spawning, and egg size
B. Changes in the Forest
: Species living in the south migrate north.
Ex. butterfly: Cluster temperature index increases 0.22 when the average annual temperature of the Korean Peninsula rises by 1 degree Celsius.
: Species with reduced abundance have higher elevations, so if you go to places with relatively low temperatures, the range of distribution decreases, and the abundance gradually decreases.
Ex. Japanese flat spider: In 1996, it was also collected in the high-altitude area from the Northern Limit Line at that time.
C. Changes in the Wetlands
: The inflow of exotic species due to climate change disrupts the wetland ecosystem. As the average water temperature of the river rises, warm aquatic plants are gradually flourishing, which causes serious ecological disturbances in the river and lake ecosystem.
D. Changes of the Sea
: Ex. leatherback sea turtle: As climate change increases the area of warm water temperature, the area of feeding activity is increasingly moving away from spawning grounds. So it is endangered.
E. Changes in the Arctic Tundra
: As the temperature rises and the number of shrubs increases, the growth of herbs and lichens is suppressed. Shrubs become dense and herbs decline, eventually reducing species diversity.
F. Changes in soil
: When the soil becomes dry due to global warming, the activity of soil microorganisms decreases. Soil microorganisms which have excellent carbon storage capacity do not store enough carbon, which increases carbon emissions.
G. Persistent Drought in Spring
: If drought persists, forest fires occur, directly destroying forests, the habitat of living things, threatening biodiversity. In addition, carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, causing a vicious cycle of accelerating the climate crisis again.
H. Increased Precipitation
: As the temperature rises, the amount of saturated water vapor in the air increases, and precipitation becomes frequent. This frequent precipitation erodes the soil, damages crops, and eventually damages livestock.
I. Genetic Changes in Invertebrates
Ex. yellow fruit fly: Chromosome reverse frequency variation
Ex. Robusta fruit fly: X chromosome variation
Ex. Subobscura fruit fly: O chromosome variation
Ex. fly hell mosquito: photoperiod adaptation
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